Human beings are confronted with another grievous disaster coal fire. The monitoring on underground coal bed combustion relied on drilling supervising in the past, but this method is not good. By taking the coal fire of Gulaben mine in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as an example, the monitoring methods of underground coal bed combustion were explored based on the hyperspectra and high-resolution remote sensing technology. By employing the OMIS imaging apparatus developed by Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the airborne hyperspectral images and the characteristic spectra of different types were obtained and the temperature was measured synchronously on the ground. Then according to the correlation of DN value of the thermal infrared band and surface temperature, the image information was processed, the spectral features were analyzed, and the surface temperature retrieval model was built. Finally, by hyperspectral imagery radiation temperature retrieval combining with the field geological surveys and ground test, the quantitative analysis and monitoring on the fires burning intensity were realized. The QUICKBIRD can be used during the whole course, it helps to find out the coal field fire regions distribution. The research result proves that this method can make us monitor the underground coal combustion situation factually and comprehensivly.